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Abstract

Historically, international and state laws have presented obstacles which have resulted in precluding non-state actors from participation in litigation of international environmental disputes. In this article, the author traces the movement away from this traditional State-centered view of international environmental protection. He discusses the history of the non-state party in numerous international and domestic forums, including the International Court of Justice, and examines the recent changes which have increased the power of nonstate interests. Although an absolute right does not exist for non-state actors to initiate environmental claims within an international forum, several states have acknowledged the importance of including non-state parties in the legislative as well as adjudicative stages of international environmental protection.

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